The one-word synonym for “low productivity” could be “inefficiency”.
Inefficiency implies not being able to produce a desired output with the available resources or in a reasonable amount of time. When productivity is low, it often means there is inefficiency in the system or process. For example, a factory with low productivity might be suffering from inefficiency due to outdated machinery, poor management, or lack of trained workers. Inefficiency can lead to wasted time, money, and effort. It can also result in missed opportunities and decreased competitiveness. In contrast, high productivity is often associated with efficiency, where tasks are completed quickly and effectively.
So, “inefficiency” captures the essence of low productivity in a single word and conveys the idea of suboptimal performance and underutilization of resources.