The word “bitterness” can refer to a harsh or acrid taste, a feeling of resentment or sorrow, or a general state of harshness or unhappiness.
One synonym for “bitterness” when referring to taste is “acridity”. For example, “The coffee had a hint of acridity, similar to bitterness.” Acridity emphasizes a sharp and unpleasant taste.
In terms of emotional states, “resentment” is a synonym. “Her bitterness towards him turned into resentment.” Resentment implies a long-held feeling of anger and displeasure.
“sorrow” can also be a synonym in some contexts. “The loss filled her with bitterness and sorrow.” Sorrow emphasizes a deep sense of grief and sadness.
“animosity” is another option when there is a sense of hostility. “Their argument led to bitterness and animosity.” Animosity suggests a strong feeling of dislike or hostility.
Finally, “gloom” can be used to describe a general state of unhappiness similar to bitterness. “The news brought a sense of gloom and bitterness.” Gloom implies a dark and depressing atmosphere.
In conclusion, these synonyms for “bitterness” offer different ways to describe various aspects of this complex word, whether it's a taste, an emotion, or a state of being.